ASP.NET Web PDF Document Viewer/Editor Control Library

Because there are so many string methods, only some of the most useful ones are described here. For a full reference, see Appendix B. In the description of the string methods, you will find references to other, related string methods in this chapter (marked See also ) or in Appendix B.

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Hold down Shift while you click both the Slide Image placeholder and the Body placeholder, and on the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and click Align To Slide. Click Arrange again, point to Align, and click Align Center. Then drag the two placeholders to position them one above another. If you want to align any placeholders on the Notes Master more precisely, right-click the slide background, and on the shortcut menu, choose Grid And Guides, and then con gure the settings of the grids and guides according to your needs, and click OK. Select the Slide Image placeholder again, and on the shortcut menu, click the Line Color down arrow, and then in the drop-down list, select No Outline. On the Notes Master tab, in the Close group, click Close Master View to return to the previous view.

The each method accepts a single code block as a parameter. The code block is defined within the { and } symbols, or within do and end delimiters:

The code between { and } or do and end is a code block, essentially an anonymous, nameless method or function. This code is passed to the each method that then runs the code block for each element of the array. You can write methods of your own to handle code blocks. For example:

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def each_vowel(&code_block) %w{a e i o u}.each { |vowel| code_block.call(vowel) } end each_vowel { |vowel| puts vowel }

The find method finds a substring within a larger string. It returns the leftmost index where the substring is found. If it is not found, 1 is returned: >>> 7 >>> >>> 0 >>> 6 >>> 15 >>> -1 'With a moo-moo here, and a moo-moo there'.find('moo') title = "Monty Python's Flying Circus" title.find('Monty') title.find('Python') title.find('Flying') title.find('Zirquss')

each_vowel accepts a code block, as designated by the ampersand (&) before the variable name code_block in the method definition. It then iterates over each vowel in the literal array %w{a e i o u} and uses the call method on code_block to execute the code block once for each vowel, passing in the vowel variable as a parameter each time.

Note Code blocks passed in this way result in objects that have many methods of their own, such as

If you want to make the BBP Storyboard Formatter available on your local computer every time you create a new PowerPoint le, save it in your PowerPoint Templates folder. To do that, follow these steps:

call. Remember, almost everything in Ruby is an object!

An alternate technique is to use the yield method, which automatically detects any passed code block and passes control to it:

In our first encounter with membership in 2, we created part of a spam filter by using the expression '$$$' in subject. We could also have used find (which would also have

Double-click to open the BBP Storyboard Formatter that you saved to your computer earlier in this chapter. Click the Microsoft Of ce Button, click Save As, and then in the Save As dialog box, click the Save As Type drop-down arrow, and choose PowerPoint Template. PowerPoint automatically selects the location on your local computer where the default PowerPoint template is stored. To create a new presentation, click the Microsoft Of ce Button, click New, and then in the Templates area, select My Templates. In the New Presentation dialog box, you should see the template you just saved select it and click OK to create the presentation.

def each_vowel %w{a e i o u}.each { |vowel| yield vowel } end each_vowel { |vowel| puts vowel }

This example is functionally equivalent to the last, although it s less obvious what it does because you see no code block being accepted in the function definition. Which technique you choose to use is up to you.